The ARI Acoustical Application Standard 885-1998, 'Procedure for Estimating Occupied Space Sound Levels in the Application of Air Terminals and Air Outlets', is now available over the internet (www.ari.org). The attached spreadsheet calculates room sound levels for both discharge and radiated sound using the 885 methodology. Read More

A sound specification spreadsheet, 885-spec.xls, is provided to allow calculation of acoustical specifications. The spreadsheet is a 'back-calculator', allowing the user to enter a desired room sound pressure level, in several formats, and see what the maximum discharge and radiated sound power levels are that will result in those values, given user input parameters. Read More

The spreadsheet provided will plot measured room sound pressure levels on both an NC and an RC chart, calculate NC and RC values, and calculate dBA. Read More

A Spreadsheet has been developed for determining the minimum ventilation rate for multiple zones, in accordance with ASHRAE Standard 62.1 2004. A version of this has been included in the "62.1 Users Manual", which is available from the ASHRAE Bookstore. For Further guidance, see the file containing the 4 ASHRAE Journal Articles on the Standard (ASHRAE JOURNAL - MEETING ASHRAE STANDARD 62.1 REQUIREMENTS - Oct. 2004 - May 2005). Read More

VAV terminals provide a measured quantity of conditioned air to a space, in response to a control signal from a thermostat or room sensor. This air may be tempered with a reheat coil, plenum air, or both. The means and selection of parameters for this reheat leads to much of the complexity and questions in selecting and specifying VAV terminals. Selection of the reheat design parameters requires both an understanding of the limitations of the reheat coil (hot water or electric) and the means of air distribution, if problems in the installation are to be avoided. Read More

Four articles have been published in the ASHRAE Journal describing issues surrounding the new Ventilation Rate Procedures included in Standard 62.1. These are combined into a single file for easy access and reference. Read More

This article summarizes the current state of the art in CO₂-based ventilation control including a brief discussion of the technology used, its reliability, and how it is best applied. Read More

This article covers ADPI vs. ACE, cooling selection based on ADPI, typical ADPI selection, ADPI selection using cfm/sq ft, linear diffusers, and perimeter diffusion selection in relation to air distribution for comfort and IAQ. Read More

This article discusses thermostats in relation to occupied work spaces. Read More

This article covers acoustical standards for commercial, educational, and industrial HVAC equipment. Read More

No longer available, this is a report prepared for EPRI on selection of diffusers for Cold Air Systems. Read More

This article covers issues relating to proper specification of VAV boxes. Read More

This article describes best practices for diffuser selection. Read More

Currently accepted best design practice for controlling airborne particulates in the hospital operating room rely on air flow type (laminar) and direction (down from ceiling). This is typically in the form of large arrays of laminar diffusers. These arrays are limited, or impacted, by delta T, and the need to have other ceiling mounted equipment in the operating room. An alternative is a scalable pre-engineered system that overcomes these inherent limitations. Many such systems are qualified as clean air systems by actual microbial testing. Read More

This white paper details how K-Select v8.0 applies an altitude correction to VAV selections. Read More

This white paper details Krueger's involvement with LEED processes as it pertains to product, technology, and industry standards. Read More

This white paper points out the problems in specifying devices to prevent backward rotation of series fan powered VAV boxes and offers a logical alternative. Read More

This is a paper discussing the subject of area factors for grilles, registers, and diffusers. Changes in balancing techniques have made the use of published area factors impractical and often unnecessary. Read More

This paper deals with the myth of the necessity for special high induction - and high pressure drop - diffusers for special applications. Read More

In spite of specifications that require certain induction ratios for diffusers, there is no published method for measuring this value. Read More

This is the final draft of the updated thermal comfort standard. Public review closed in October 2003. Final approval was granted in January 2004, and the approved version is available from ASHRAE. (The draft is essentially unchanged from the final version.) Read More

This addendum to Standard 62 covers the ventilation rate procedure. It contains two tables of interest, tables 6.1 and 6.2. Table 6.1 is the cfm/person plus cfm/sq.ft table, and table 6.2 is room air change effectiveness. Addendum N was included in ASHRAE/ANSI Standard 62 in January 2004 and has survived all appeals. Read More

This white paper deals with application of duct mounted grilles and diffusers in a continuous run of duct. Read More

This is a document describing the features and benefits of the new proportional electric heater recently introduced by Krueger. Read More

This is a discussion of radial flow diffusers, intended for laboratory and other critical airflow environments, and includes Krueger's new RadiaFlo diffuser. Read More

This is a design guide for preparing acoustical specifications that will most likely result in the intended space sound levels. Read More

Krueger introduced an advanced design cross flow sensor (the K4 "LineaCross") that provides the most powerful set of inlet sensor attributes available in the industry today. This paper discusses many aspects regarding inlet sensing of VAV terminals. Read More

This white paper covers the standard for procedure for estimating occupied space sound levels in the application of air terminals and air outlets. Read More

The subject of this white paper was presented by our Chief Engineer, Dan Int-Hout, at the 13th Symposium on Improving Buildings Systems in Hot and Humid Climates, Houston, May 20-22, 2002.

In order to meet the increased expectations of building occupants, designers must be aware of the conflicts between first cost economics, occupant productivity and life cycle costs. Buildings that do not meet the needs of the occupants often result in expensive redesign or worse, result in lawsuits against all parties involved. Recent court cases make it imperative that designers understand the changing 'rules' of the road. Building owners need to understand how their building systems work, to avoid creating problems in a tightening economy. Read More

The proper application of a By-Pass Air terminal requires an understanding of the limitations of this device. It is NOT a VAV terminal, but rather a diverting box. This paper discusses the proper application of this type of device, as well as some alternatives. Read More

This white paper points out some disadvantages of using double wall construction in VAV boxes and offers a logical alternative. Read More

This article discusses several items relating to ECM motors in series flow fan powered terminals and unit ventilators starting with the background of motors and air control to electrically commutated motors, variable speed motors and electrical energy, as well as application features. Read More

Guidelines covered in this article relating to accoustical applications range from sound power/sound pressure, HVAC system sound issues, determining acceptable radiated sound power levels, determining acceptable discharge sound power levels, determining acceptable total sound in a space to sound design. Read More

This white paper covers several items to be aware of when oversizing terminal unit products. Read More

This paper discusses the advantages of Krueger's TAD (Total Air Diffuser) over current flush face radial diffusers while pointing out that each has their own set of limitations. Read More

Taken from ASHRAE Journal Forum, August 2001, this article discusses four major problems HVAC suppliers see in current designs. Read More

Across the country, there have been some serious problems with terminal units equipped with three tap motors and SCR speed controllers, causing fan terminal units, in general, to be condemned as a 'bad design'. This white paper opens discussion on the use and issues of these motors/controllers. Read More

This article focuses on guidelines for the selection of reheat design parameters as well as the understanding of reheat coils (hot water & electric), and the means of air distribution to avoid installation problems. Read More